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Sterilization

  • Sterilization: Process designed to produce a sterile state.
  • Sterile state: Sterile state is absolute condition of total destruction or elimination of all living microbes.
  • Aseptic: The term aseptic indicates a controlled process or condition in which the level of microbial contamination is reduced to the degree that microbes can be excluded from a product during processing.

Microbial death kinetics and terminology

  • D-Value: The D-value is the time(for heat or chemical exposure)or dose(for radiation) required for the microbial population to decline by one decimal point(a 90%,or one logarithmic unit).
  • Z-Value: The number of degrees for 1 log reduction in D-value.
  • F-Value: The equivalent time at temperature,T delivered to a unit of product calculated using a specified value of z

Classification of sterilization methods:

  • Thermal
    • Dry heat
    • Moist heat
    • Combination treatment
  • Non-thermal
    • Physical
      • Filtration
      • Ionization
    • Chemical

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